Remedial design is the process of designing and implementing solutions to address problems with existing structures, systems, or processes. Therefore, it is typically required when an existing system or structure is found to be inadequate, damaged, or failing. The goal of remedial design is to address the problem while minimising disruption to the system or structure’s operation and minimising costs.

The process of remedial design typically involves several steps, including:

1. Problem identification and assessment: This involves identifying the problem and assessing its severity, potential impacts, and underlying causes.
2. Conceptual design: Based on the problem assessment, engineers develop several potential solutions to remediate the issue.
3. Evaluation of alternatives: The potential solutions are evaluated based on various criteria, such as feasibility, effectiveness, cost, and environmental impacts.
4. Detailed design: Once a solution is selected, engineers develop detailed designs and specifications for implementing the remediation.
5. Implementation and monitoring: The remediation is implemented, and its effectiveness is monitored over time to ensure that it is achieving its intended results.

Remedial design is a critical component of engineering, as it helps to maintain the safety, functionality, and sustainability of existing structures and systems.